Maintaining the health of laying hens is one of the most important aspects of poultry farming. Chickens that are in the egg-laying phase require special care, balanced nutrition, and a stress-free environment to remain productive. Healthy hens not only lay more eggs but also produce higher quality shells and yolks. This guide provides practical tips to ensure your flock stays healthy and efficient during egg production.
Understanding the Needs of Laying Hens
Increased Nutritional Demands
Hens that are laying eggs need more calcium, protein, and vitamins compared to non-laying chickens. These nutrients are essential for strong eggshells and maintaining the hen’s overall health.
Stress and Productivity
Stress can lead to a significant drop in egg production. Factors such as overcrowding, poor lighting, or inadequate feed can harm both the quality and quantity of eggs.Baca Selengkapnya..
Nutrition for Healthy Egg Production
Provide a Balanced Diet
A proper diet should include:
Protein: At least 16–18% to support energy and egg formation.
Calcium: For strong eggshells; often supplied through crushed oyster shells or limestone.
Vitamins and Minerals: Vitamin D, phosphorus, and other trace minerals support metabolism and shell quality.
Fresh Water Supply
Clean, fresh water is vital. Hens may drink up to half a liter of water per day, and dehydration directly reduces egg production. Ensure waterers are always filled and regularly cleaned.
Supplemental Feeding
Adding natural supplements like leafy greens, herbs, or fermented grains can boost immunity and improve digestion, keeping the hens healthier during this demanding period.
Housing and Environmental Management
Adequate Space
Overcrowding leads to stress and aggressive pecking. Provide 2–3 square feet per hen inside the coop and enough outdoor run space for movement.
Ventilation and Lighting
Good ventilation prevents respiratory issues and reduces ammonia buildup. Additionally, hens need 14–16 hours of light daily for consistent egg laying. Supplemental lighting may be used during shorter daylight months.
Clean and Comfortable Nesting Boxes
Each 3–4 hens should have access to one nesting box. Keep boxes clean, dry, and filled with soft bedding to encourage laying and reduce the risk of broken eggs.
Preventing Illness During Egg Production
Regular Health Checks
Inspect hens frequently for signs of illness such as:
Decreased appetite
Pale combs or wattles
Dropped egg production
Respiratory distress
Vaccination and Parasite Control
Follow vaccination schedules and implement deworming or mite control programs. Parasites weaken hens and affect their ability to produce eggs.
Biosecurity Practices
Limit visitors to the coop, disinfect tools, and provide foot baths to reduce the risk of disease introduction.
Stress Reduction for Better Production
Minimize Noise and Disturbance
Loud noises or frequent handling can stress hens. Keep the environment quiet and stable to maintain productivity.
Introduce New Hens Gradually
If adding new chickens, allow them to adapt in a separate enclosure before mixing with the existing flock to prevent fighting.
Provide Enrichment
Offer perches, dust-bathing areas, and pecking blocks. Enrichment activities reduce boredom and aggression, helping hens remain calm.
Benefits of Keeping Hens Healthy
Consistent Egg Production: Healthy hens lay more regularly.
Better Egg Quality: Stronger shells and richer yolks.
Lower Mortality Rate: Reduced risk of disease and stress-related problems.
Higher Profitability: Productive hens are more cost-effective for long-term farming.
Conclusion
Maintaining chicken health during egg production requires balanced nutrition, clean housing, stress management, and regular health monitoring. By providing the right environment and diet, you not only protect your hens but also ensure steady egg production and improved quality. A healthy flock means happier chickens and better results for poultry keepers.